Comparison the Effect of Viscoelastic Damper and Lead-Rubber Bearing (LRB) Isolators on the Seismic Performance of Irregular Steel Buildings

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 1- Ph.D. in Geotechnical Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran 2- Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Mehr-Aeen Higher Education Institute, Guilan, Iran

2 M.Sc. Graduated, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Amirkabir (Polytechnic) University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In the present paper, the effects of viscoelastic dampers and lead-rubber bearing (LRB) isolators on the seismic behavior of irregular steel buildings at height have been investigated. To this aim, a number of steel frames with flexural frame bearing system were modeled as 5, 9 and 13 stories and their seismic performance was evaluated in three modes: (1) without damper and isolator, (2) equipped with viscoelastic damper and (3) equipped with rubber core lead separator. After modeling the buildings in PERFORM-3D finite element software, by performing nonlinear static (pushover) and nonlinear dynamic (nonlinear time history) analyzes, the effect of damper and separator on the behavior of irregular steel buildings has been investigated. The results showed that the viscoelastic dampers and LRB isolators improve the seismic performance of steel buildings; The use of viscoelastic dampers in steel buildings with flexural frame system has increased the rigidity of the building and consequently the base shear force compared to single flexural frame and buildings equipped with LRB isolators. The results also showed that in all buildings, the base shear created in the isolated structure is much less than other control methods, which is due to the nature of seismic separation, ie reducing the force applied to the building.

Keywords

Main Subjects


1- Dowell, E. H., 1983, The behavior of a linear, damped modal system with a non-linear spring-mass-dry friction damper system attached, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 89, 1, 65-84.
2- Zahrai, S.M., 2010, Passive control of vibrations, the University of Tehran Press, Tehran, Iran (in Persian).
3- Andriono, T., and Carr, A.G., 1991, Reduction and distribution of lateral sesamc inertia forces on base-isolated multistory structures, Bull., NZ Nat. Soc. Earthquake Engineering., 24, 3, 225-237.
4-Pall, A. S., and Marsh, C., 1982, Response of Fiction Damped Braced Frame, ASCE, Journal of Structural Division, 108, 1313-1323.
5- Pall, A. S., and Pall, R., 1989, Friction-Dampers Used for Seismic Control of New and Existing Building in Canada, ATC-17-1, Proceeding of a Seminar and Workshop on Base Isolation and Passive Energy Dissipation, Applied Technology Council, 1989, 675-686.
6- Kelly, T. E., 2001, In Structure Damping and Energy Dissipation, S. E. Holmes Consulting Group, Revision O, July 2001.
7- Zhou, Q., Søren, R.K, and Qu, W. L., 2006, Semi-active control of three-dimensional vibrations of an inclined sag cable with magnetorheological dampers, Journal of sound and vibration, 296, 1, 1-22.
8- Skinner, I. R., Robinson, W. H., and McVerry, G. H., 1993, A book on ‘An Introduction to Seismic Isolation, John Wiley & Sons.
9- Uniform Building Code (UBC), 1997, Earthquake regulations for seismic isolated structures, Whitter CA, USA.
10- Dusi, A., and Mezzi, M., 2007, Increasing Safety of Structures in Seismic Area: The Base Isolation Challenge, Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES), Tehran, Iran.
11- Kilar, V., and Koren, D., 2009, Seismic behaviour of asymmetric base isolated structures with various distributions of isolators, Engineering Structures, 31, 910-921.
12-Vader, A. S., 2004, The influence of signature tower passive energy dissipating devices on seismic response of long span cable-supported bridges, Ph.D thesis, Washington state university.
13- Chachapara, V., Purohit, S., and Patel, P. V., 2011, Seismic Response Control of the buiding using passive devices, Institute of technology, Nirma University.
14- Lee, D.G., Hong, S., and Kim, J., 2002, Efficient seismic analysis of building structures with added viscoelastic dampers, Engineering Structures, 24, 1217–1227.
15- Semih, S. T., and Ozan, U., 2003, Reduction of earthquake response of plane frame buildings by Viscoelastic dampers, Engineering Structures, 25, 1755–1761.
16- Min, K.W., Kim, J., and Lee, S. H., 2004, Vibration tests of 5-storey steel frame with viscoelastic dampers, Engineering Structures, 26, 831–839.
17- Xu, Z. D., Zhao, H. T., and Li, A. Q., 2004, Optimal analysis and experimental study on structures with Viscoelastic dampers, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 273, 607–618.
18- Palmeri, A., and Ricciardelli, F., 2006, Fatigue analyses of buildings with viscoelastic dampers, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 94, 5, 377-395.
19- Lewandowski, R., and Łasecka-Plura, M., 2016, Design sensitivity analysis of structures with viscoelastic dampers, Computers & Structures, 164, 95-107.
20- Burlon, A., Failla, G., and Arena, G., 2016, Exact frequency response analysis of axially loaded beams with viscoelastic dampers, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 115–116, 370-384.
21- Lewandowski, R., and Pawlak, Z., 2018, Response spectrum method for building structures with viscoelastic dampers described by fractional derivatives, Engineering Structures, 171, 1017-1026.
22- Chang, C. M., Shia, S., and Lai, Y. A., 2018, Seismic design of passive tuned mass damper parameters using active control algorithm, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 426, 150-165.
23-Batou, A., and Adhikari, S., 2019, Optimal parameters of viscoelastic tuned-mass dampers, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 445, 17-28.
24- Zhang, L., Su, M., Zhang, C., Shen, H., and Zhang, R., 2019, A design method of viscoelastic damper parameters based on the elastic-plastic response reduction curve, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 149-163.
25-Robinson, W. H., and Tucker, A. G., 1997, A Lead-Rubber Shear Damper, Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering, 10, 3, 151-153.
26- Blakeley, R. W. G., 1982, Code requirements for base isolated structures, Proc., Inter. Conf. on Natural Rubber for Earthquake Protection of Bldgs. and Vibration Isolation, 292–311, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
27- Estiri, H., 2012, The Effect of Lead Rubber Separators on Steel Buildings with Converged Brackets, 6th National Congress of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran, 2012 (In Persian).
28- Kalantari, S. M., 2008, Investigating the Effect of Seismic Separators on the Class Displacement and Formation of Plastic Joints, Journal of Modeling in Engineering, 6, 15.
29- Torabi, S., 2012, Effect of Lead Rubber Separators on Steel Buildings with Divergent Brackets, 6th National Congress of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran (In Persian).
30- Narouei, S., 2014, Effect of Lead Rubber Base Separator on the Performance Level of Coaxial Structured Structures Using Push Analysis, Third National Conference on Industry and Construction, Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian).
31- Shinozuka, M., Chaudhuri, S. R., and Mishra, S. K., 2015, Shape-Memory-Alloy supplemented Lead Rubber Bearing (SMA-LRB) for seismic isolation, Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics, 41, 34-45.
32- Hu, K., Zhou, Y., Jiang, L., Chen, P., and Qu, G., 2017, A mechanical tension-resistant device for lead rubber bearings, Engineering Structures, 152, 1, 238-250.
33- Zeynali, K., Saeed Monir, H., Mirzai, N. M., and Wan Hu, J., 2018, Experimental and numerical investigation of lead-rubber dampers in chevron concentrically braced frames, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 18, 1, 162-178.
34- Shoaei, P., and Mahsuli, M., 2019, Reliability-based design of steel moment frame structures isolated by lead-rubber bearing systems, Structures, 20, 765-778.
35- Kim, J. H., Kyu Kim, M., Choi, I. K., 2019, Experimental study on seismic behavior of lead-rubber bearing considering bi-directional horizontal input motions, Engineering Structures, 198, Article 109529.
36- Eem, S., and Hahm, D., 2019, Large strain nonlinear model of lead rubber bearings for beyond design basis earthquakes, Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 51, 2, 600-606.
37- کمیته دائمی بازنگری آیین‌نامه، 1394، آیین‌نامه طراحی ساختمان‌ها در برابر زلزله، استاندارد 2800-ویرایش چهارم، نشریه شماره 253 مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی.
38- Chang, K. C., Lin, Y. Y., and Lai, M. L., 1998, Seismic Analysis and Design of Structures with Viscoelastic Dampers, ISET Journal of Earthquake Technology, 4, 35, 166-143.
39-Win, A. C., 2008, Analysis and Design of Base Isolation for Multi-Storied Building, GMSARN International Conference on Sustainable Development: Issues and Prospects for the GMS, 2008.
40- FEMA356, 2014, The Federal Emergency Management Agency.
41- FEMA451, 2014, NEHRPH Recommended Provisions, Chapter 11: Seismically Isolated Structures. Charles A. Kircher.