سازه‏های فولادی سبک: ساختاری مناسب برای ساختمان‏سازی در مناطق زلزله‏زده ایران(یک مطالعه مروری)

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی و مدیریت ساخت، گروه مهندسی عمران، موسسه آموزش عالی توس، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی قوچان، قوچان، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی سازه، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی قوچان، قوچان، ایران

چکیده

طبق آمار مرکز لرزه نگاری کشوری در سه ماهه اول سال 1398، حدود 2880 زمین لرزه در ایران و نواحی مرزی ثبت و تعیین محل شده است. بزرگترین زمین لرزه ها با بزرگی بین 4 تا 1/5 ریشتر در استان کرمانشاه و حوالی آن رخ داده است. علاوه بر این به طور میانگین در ایران هر 7 سال یک زلزله قوی و دارای خسارت جانی و مالی بالا روی داده است. با توجه به خسارت های ناشی از زلزله، صنعت ساختمان سازی به منظور محافظت بهتر در برابر نیروهای لرزه ای، به سمت سبک سازی و ساخت صنعتی سازه ها پیش رفته است. به همین منظور سازه های سبک فولادی به عنوان یکی از بهترین راهکارهای صنعتی سازی و سبک سازی توسط مهندسین، به کار گرفته شده است. این سیستم نوین ساختمانی در کشورهای پیشرفته با استقبال گسترده مواجه شده است و جایگزین سیستم های سنتی شده است. از این سیستم می توان برای بازسازی در مناطق زلزله زده و ساختمان سازی در مناطق زلزله خیز استفاده کرد. این مطالعه با هدف مروری بر ویژگی های سازه های فولادی سبک برای استفاده در مناطق زلزله خیز و زلزله زده انجام شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


[1]-Negaresh, H., (2004), Earthquakes, cities and faults, Tehran, Iran.
[2]-Iran N.S.Co., 2019, monthly report Iran, [cited 1/6/2019 7/7/2019]. Available from: http://irsc.ut.ac.ir/mountlyreports/farsireports/Khordad98/Khordad98.php.
[3]- Iran N.S.Co., 2019, monthly report Iran, Available from: http://irsc.ut.ac.ir/mountlyreports/farsireports/Ordibehesht98/Ordibehesht98.php.
[4]-Ganalipour, M., Mohammadzadeh, A., Valadanzoej, M., and Amirkhani, S., 2015, Buldings’ damage determination after the earthquake by using ANFIS model and remote sensing imagery, Crisis Management, 7, 79-91.
[5]-Keramati, S., Hashemi, S. S., and Vaghefi, M., 2018, Non-linear Performance of the Dual System Consisting of Lightweight Steel Frame (LSF) and Moment Resisting Steel Frame, Building Engineering and Housing Sciences, 11, 21, 9-17.
[6]-Soares, N., Gaspar, A., Santos, P., and Costa, J., 2014, Multi-dimensional optimization of the incorporation of PCM-drywalls in lightweight steel-framed residential buildings in different climates, Energy and buildings, 70, 411-421.
[7]-Gorgolewski, M., 2007, Developing a simplified method of calculating U-values in light steel framing, Building and Environment, 42, 1, 230-236.
[8]-Veljkovic, M., and Johansson, B., 2006, Light steel framing for residential buildings, Thin-walled structures, 44, 12, 1272-1279.
[9]-AISI., 2001, North American specification for the design of cold-formed steel structural members, Washington (DC, USA): American Iron and Steel Institute.
[10]-AISI, 2004, Standard for cold-formed steel framing general provisions, Washington (DC, USA): American Iron and Steel Institute.
[11]-Winter, G., 1959, Cold-formed, light-gage steel construction, Journal of Structural Engineering, 85, 151-171.
[12]-Yu, C., Vora, H., Dainard, T., Tucker, J., and Veetvkuri, P., 2007, Steel sheet sheathing options for cold-formed steel framed shear wall assemblies providing shear resistance, Report No. UNT-G76234, American Iron and Steel Institute, Department of Engineering technology, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA.
[13]-Shaydeh, S. M. Y., 2015, light-weight steel-framed buildings,  Second National Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Tehran, Iran.
[14]-Ghalehnovi, M., and Amiri, A., 2014, Pathology of light steel frame system with construction management approach, 3rd national conference of construction industry new technologies, Iran.
[15]-Golabchi, M., and Mazaharin, H., 2010, New Construction Technologies, Tehran: Tehran University Press.
[16]-Landolfo, R., 2019, Lightweight steel framed systems in seismic areas: current achievements and future challenges, Thin-Walled Structures, 140, 114-131.
[17]-Burstrand, H., 1998, Light-gauge steel framing leads the way to an increased productivity for residential housing, Journal of constructional steel research, 1, 46, 183-186.
[18]-LSK, E., 2005, European Lightweight Steel-framed Construction, Arcelor.
[19]-Höglund, T., Burstrand, H. S., 1998, steel studs to reduce thermal bridges in insulated walls, Thin-Walled Structures, 32, 1-3, 81-109.
[20]-Santos, P., da Silva, L. S., Ungureanu, V., 2017, Energy efficiency of light-weight steel-framed buildings, Energy Efficient Buildings, 35, 180-191.
[21]-Serrette, R. L., 1997, Additional shear wall values for light weight steel framing, Report No. LGSRG-1-97, Santa Clara University. Santa Clara, CA.
[22]-Gad, E. F., Duffield, C. F., Hutchinson, G. L, Mansell, D., and Stark, J. G., 1999, Lateral performance of cold-formed steel-framed domestic structures, Journal of Engineering Structures, 21, 83–95.
[23]-Dudas, A., 2003, Light steel structures in residential house construction, Periodica Polytechnica Ser, 47, 1, 133–136.
[24]-Fülöp, L., and Dubina, D., 2004, Performance of wall-stud cold-formed shear panels under monotonic and cyclic loading. Part I: Experimental research, Thin-Walled Structures, 42, 321–338.
[25]-Berman, J. W., Celik, O. C., and Bruneau, M., 2005, Comparing hysteretic behavior of light-gauge steel plate shear walls and braced frames, Engineering Structures, 27, 3, 475-785.
[26]-Kim, T. W., Wilcoski, J., Foutch, D. A., and Lee, M. S., 2006, Shaking table tests of a cold-formed steel shear panel, Engineering Structures, 28, 10, 1462-1470.
[27]-Al-Kharat, M., and Rogers, C., 2007, Inelastic performance of cold-formed steel strap braced walls, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 63, 4, 460-474.
[28]-Mahdavinejad, M., Hajian, M., and Doroodgar, A., 2011, Role of LSF technology in economic housing for urban Sustainability; case of Iran, Procedia Engineering, 21, 2-7.
[29]-Zeynalian, M., Trigunarsyah, B., and Ronagh, H. R., 2012, Feasibility study of the use of light weight steel structures in high-seismic regions of Iran using modified APRAM method,  9th  International Congress on Civil Engineering; Isfahan University of Technology (IUT), Isfahan, Iran.
[30]-Danesh, S., Toosi, H., and Torabi, M., 2013, Relative advantages of light frame construction system in reducing the production of construction waste and its environmental hazards, The First National Green House Conference, Ferdowsi University, Faculty of Engineering, Mashhad, Iran.
[31]-Martins, C., Santos, P., and Simoes da Silva, L., 2014, Light weight steel framed construction systems, Contribution of Sustainable Building to Meet EU 20-20-20 Targets, 395-402.
[32]-Da Breo, J., Balh, N., Ong-Tone, C., and Rogers, C., 2014, Steel sheathed cold-formed steel framed shear walls subjected to lateral and gravity loading., Thin-Walled Structures, 74, 232-245.
[33]-Ariyanayagam, A. D., and Mahendran, M., 2014, Numerical modelling of load bearing light gauge steel frame wall systems exposed to realistic design fires, Thin-Walled Structures, 78, 148-170.
[34]-Gerami, M., Lotfi, M., and Nejat, R., 2015, Inelastic behavior of cold-formed braced walls under monotonic and cyclic loading, International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering, 7, 181-209.
[35]-Tavakoli, D. B., Bareshadat, N., Tafrishi, M., and Abbaspour, E., 2017, Investigation of LSF Structure Effect on Economy and Sustainable Housing in Iran. Case Study: 50m2 Units, Review of European Studies, 9, 3, 130-145.
[36]- Roque, E., and Santos, P., 2017, The effectiveness of thermal insulation in lightweight steel-framed walls with respect to its position, Buildings, 7, 1, 13-21.
[37]-Soares, N., Santos, P., Gervásio, H., Costa, J., and da Silva, L. S., 2017, Energy efficiency and thermal performance of lightweight steel-framed (LSF) construction: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 78, 194-209.
[38]-de Angelis, E., and Serra, E., 2014, Light steel-frame walls: thermal insulation performances and thermal bridges, Energy Procedia, 45, 362-371.